Tribes of Trucial States coast p.37

FO 371/132894 1958
COPY
(EA 1824/1)

Odd Notes on Muscat tribes.

SHIHUH

A large fragmented tribe numbering about 9,000 people
living in the mountainous area of Ruler Al Jibal, the
majority of whom Her Majesty's Government regard as being
under the suzerainty of the Sultan of Muscat. They are
divided into two main sections of the Bani Shaitair and the
Bani Hadiyah. Inland these sections are divided into further
tribal subsections, but on the coast the people are listed by
the towns they inhabit (e.g. Ahl Khassab etc.). Those
settled on the coast occupy themselves with fishing, pearling
and date cultivation. Some of the inland Shihuh own palem,
on the coast or in the large Wadi towns, and in winter they
cultivate grain, figs etc. and rear mountain goats and poultry.
In the summer many of them descend from the heat of the hills
where the scant water supplies dry up (there are few wells
natural reservoirs in the rocks being used) and go to their
palms on the coast op in the larger Wadis.

The Shihuh speak their own dialect of Arabic with some
non Arab words interspersed innit. They are good fighters,
wild and independant. They are full of superstition
believing in spirits of all sorts, and Mohamne danism bas
become somewhat twisted ja thair hands. They abhor cows.

A slightly separate section of the Shihuh known as the
Kama zara live in the area of Kumzar village near the northern
end of the Musandam premonitory. They speak their own
language (slightly akin to Persian) and exist by fishing
and pearling. Some of them own palms in Khassab and most of
them Summer there.

The Kama zara are closely allied with the Bani Shaitair
section of the Shihuh and provided the latters present Shaikh
Mohammed Bin Saleh living at Baiah who is chief of the Bani
Shaitair and is generally regarded as the most important
Shihuh shaikh. Other Shaikhs of importance are Shaikhs
Hamdan Bin Ahmad and Ahmad Bin Shaikh Ali of the Bani Hadiyah
who live at Baiah or in the mountains; Shaikh Mohammed Bin
Ahmad Bin Sulaiman. Bani Hadiyah Shaikh of Bakha, and Shaikh
Hamdan Bin Hassan of Khassab. I believe that Zaid Bin Mohammed
is Shaikh of the Kamazara. The Sultan keeps a Wali at
Khassab but he appears to have little or no influence in the
interior.

Shihuh sections are as follows

Bani Shaitair
Kama zara - Kumzar Area
Bani Assam - Musallain (above Limah)
Ahl Hail (1) - Miskan Al Ha11 (Baian)
Ahl Ha11 (2) - Hail - Jiri Plain (R.A.K.)

/Bani